Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 69
Filter
1.
Chinese Journal of Pathology ; (12): 671-677, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-985756

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the histological features and clinical manifestations in different types of cardiac amyloidosis to improve diagnostic accuracy. Methods: The histopathological features and clinical manifestations of 48 patients diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis by Congo red stain and electron microscopy through endomyocardial biopsy were collected in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2018 to December 2021. Immunohistochemical stains for immunoglobulin light chains (κ and λ) and transthyretin protein were carried out, and a review of literature was made. Results: The patients age ranged from 42 to 79 years (mean 56 years) and the male to female ratio was 1.1 to 1.0. The positive rate of endomyocardial biopsy was 97.9% (47/48), which was significantly higher than that of the abdominal wall fat (7/17). Congo red staining and electron microscopy were positive in 97.9% (47/48) and 93.5% (43/46), respectively. Immunohistochemical stains showed 32 cases (68.1%) were light chain type (AL-CA), including 31 cases of AL-λ type and 1 case of AL-κ type; 9 cases (19.1%) were transthyretin protein type (ATTR-CA); and 6 cases (12.8%) were not classified. There was no significant difference in the deposition pattern of amyloid between different types (P>0.05). Clinical data showed that ATTR-CA patients had less involvement of 2 or more organs and lower N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) than the other type patients (P<0.05). The left ventricular stroke volume and right ventricular ejection fraction of ATTR-CA patients were better than the other patients (P<0.05). Follow-up data of 45 patients was obtained, and the overall mean survival time was 15.6±2.0 months. Univariate survival analysis showed that ATTR-CA patients had a better prognosis, while cardiac amyloidosis patients with higher cardiac function grade, NT-proBNP >6 000 ng/L, and troponin T >70 ng/L had a worse prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate survival analysis showed that NT-proBNP and cardiac function grade were independent prognostic factors for cardiac amyloidosis patients. Conclusions: AL-λ is the most common type of cardiac amyloidosis in this group. Congo red staining combined with electron microscopy can significantly improve the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. The clinical manifestations and prognosis of each type are different and can be classified based on immunostaining profile. However, there are still a few cases that cannot be typed; hence mass spectrometry is recommended if feasible.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Prealbumin/metabolism , Stroke Volume , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Congo Red , Ventricular Function, Right , Amyloidosis/pathology , Prognosis
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 111(3): 400-409, Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973754

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Caloric restriction is known to impair the cardiac function and morphology in hypertrophied hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR); however, the influence of fasting/refeeding (RF) is unknown. Objective: To investigate the fasting/refeeding approach on myocardial remodeling and function. In addition, the current study was designed to bring information regarding the mechanisms underlying the participation of Ca2+ handling and b-adrenergic system. Methods: Sixty-day-old male SHR rats were submitted to food ad libitum (C), 50% food restriction (R50) or RF cycles for 90 days. Cardiac remodeling was assessed by ultrastructure analysis and isolated papillary muscle function. The level of significance considered was 5% (a = 0.05). Results: The RF rats presented lower cardiac atrophy than R50 in relation to C rats. The C rats increased weight gain, R50 maintained their initial body weight and RF rats increased and decreased weight during RF. The RF did not cause functional impairment because the isotonic and isometric parameters showed similar behavior to those of C. The isotonic and isometric cardiac parameters were significantly elevated in RF rats compared to R50 rats. In addition, the R50 rats had cardiac damage in relation to C for isotonic and isometric variables. While the R50 rats showed focal changes in many muscle fibers, the RF rats displayed mild alterations, such as loss or disorganization of myofibrils. Conclusion: Fasting/refeeding promotes cardiac beneficial effects and attenuates myocardial injury caused by caloric restriction in SHR rats, contributing to reduce the cardiovascular risk profile and morphological injuries. Furthermore, RF promotes mild improvement in Ca2+ handling and b-adrenergic system.


Resumo Fundamento: A restrição calórica compromete a função e a morfologia cardíacas em corações hipertrofiados de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR). No entanto, a influência de ciclo de jejum/Realimentação é desconhecida. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito de ciclos de jejum/realimentação sobre a remodelação e função miocárdica. Além disso, o presente estudo foi desenhado para avaliar os mecanismos subjacentes à participação do trânsito de cálcio (Ca+2) e sistema beta-adrenérgico. Métodos: Neste estudo, SHR machos de 60 dias de idade foram submetidos a alimento ad libitum (grupo C), 50% de restrição alimentar (grupo R50) ou ciclos de RF (grupo RF) por 90 dias. A remodelação cardíaca foi avaliada por meio da análise ultraestrutural e função do músculo papilar isolado. Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5% (a = 0,05). Resultados: Os ratos do grupo RF apresentaram menor atrofia cardíaca do que os do grupo R50 em relação aos do grupo C. Os ratos do grupo C aumentaram peso corporal, os ratos do grupo R50 mantiveram seu peso corporal inicial e os ratos do grupo RF aumentaram e reduziram seu peso durante o ciclo RF. O ciclo RF não causou comprometimento funcional, pois os parâmetros isotônicos e isométricos apresentaram comportamento similar aos dos ratos do grupo C. Os parâmetros cardíacos isotônicos e isométricos mostraram-se significativamente elevados nos ratos do grupo RF em comparação aos dos ratos do grupo R50. Além disso, os ratos do grupo R50 apresentaram dano cardíaco em comparação aos ratos do grupo C quanto às variáveis isotônicas e isométricas. Os ratos do grupo R50 apresentaram alterações focais em muitas fibras musculares, enquanto os ratos do grupo RF apresentaram leves alterações, como perda ou desorganização de miofibrilas. Conclusão: Ciclos de Jejum/Realimentação promovem efeitos benéficos cardíacos e atenuam o dano miocárdico causado por restrição calórica em SHR, contribuindo para reduzir o risco cardiovascular e os danos morfológicos. Além disso, o ciclo de jejum/realimentação promove leve melhora do trânsito do Ca2+ e do sistema beta-adrenérgico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Papillary Muscles/metabolism , Calcium/metabolism , Fasting/physiology , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control , Papillary Muscles/pathology , Rats, Inbred SHR , Time Factors , Body Weight/physiology , Calcium/analysis , Ventricular Remodeling/physiology , Caloric Restriction/adverse effects , Isoproterenol/analysis , Isoproterenol/metabolism , Myocardial Contraction , Cardiomyopathies/pathology
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 51(8): e6921, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951749

ABSTRACT

Preeclampsia is one of the most frequent and difficult illnesses in pregnancy, which jeopardizes both mother and fetus. There are several diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia. However, the preeclampsia-associated myocardial damage has not been described. In this study, we employed reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) to generate a rat model of preeclampsia for the evaluation of myocardial damage in late-gestation rats. The expressions of cardiac injury markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. The arterial pressure and myocardial tissue velocities were also measured. The role of interleukin (IL)-6 in RUPP-associated myocardial damage was further explored. The results showed that RUPP rats had significant myocardial damage, as demonstrated by the high expressions of myoglobin, creatine kinase isoenzyme, cardiac troponin I, and brain natriuretic peptide. In addition, RUPP increased the mean arterial pressure and the early transmitral flow velocity to mitral annulus early diastolic velocity ratio (E/Ea). Furthermore, IL-6 deteriorated these abnormalities, whereas inhibition of IL-6 significantly relieved them. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that RUPP rats displayed myocardial damage in an IL-6-dependent manner.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Pre-Eclampsia/metabolism , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Cardiomyopathies/etiology , Myocardium/metabolism , Perfusion , Pre-Eclampsia/etiology , Random Allocation , Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Echocardiography, Doppler, Color , Troponin I/metabolism , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Creatine Kinase, MB Form/metabolism , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/metabolism , Arterial Pressure , Heart/drug effects , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Cardiomyopathies/metabolism , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Myoglobin/metabolism
6.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2017. xxiii, 110 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052828

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os vírus dengue (DENV1-4) são os arbovírus humanos de maior importância médica no mundo. No Ceará, Nordeste brasileiro, a dengue é endêmica desde 1986, quando foi isolado o sorotipo DENV-1. Foram registradas sete grandes epidemias em 1987, 1994, 2001, 2008, 2011, 2012 e 2015. Estudos demonstram que formas graves podem estar associadas à manifestações cardíacas. Clinicamente a miocardite, pode ser aguda, crônica ou em atividade persistente e fulminante. Podemos ainda classificar a miocardite pelos achados histopatológicos, como miocardite linfocítica, sendo esse o padrão mais comumente encontrado associado à etiologia viral. Os mecanismos relacionados com o acometimento cardíaco incluem efeitos diretos do DENV no miocárdio e efeitos indiretos da resposta inflamatória desencadeada pela infecção culminando na liberação de citocinas vasoativas pró-inflamatórias, responsáveis pelo extravasamento vascular e inflamação miocárdica. Igualmente à miocardite fulminante de outras etiologias, a miocardite durante a infecção pelo DENV está associada à alta mortalidade. Objetivos: Geral: Descrever as alterações morfológicas e imunoinflamatórias no miocárdio dos casos fatais de dengue no Ceará no período de 2011-2013


Específicos: Descrever características demográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais dos casos. Identificar e quantificar as alterações morfológicas; Determinar a frequência de miocardite; Definir a frequência de apoptose; Quantificar linfócitos T CD4 e CD8, macrófagos (CD68) e marcador endotelial CD31 presentes no miocárdio e correlacioná-los com os achados morfológicos; Verificar a expressão das proteínas NS1 e NS3. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo do tipo série de casos, avaliou 117 amostras de miocárdio de casos confirmados de dengue e autopsiados no SVO-Ce de janeiro/2011 a dezembro/2013, quanto a dados demográficos, clínicos, laboratoriais. A análise histopatológica na coloração do HE, avaliou alterações morfológicas incluindo edema, hemorragia, necrose, fibrose e infiltrado inflamatório. Utilizamos os critérios de Dallas e da WHO/ISFC para o diagnóstico da miocardite. Anticorpos monoclonais anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD68, anti-CD31, anti-NS1 e anti-NS3 foram usados na identificação das células mononucleares, das células CD31+ e para avaliação de proteínas virais por imuno-histoquimica respectivamente. Apoptose foi avaliada pela técnica TUNEL.


Resultados: Foi encontrado alto percentual de miocardite nos pacientes (47/117,40,2%) sem distinção entre sexo e idade. Os sorotipos x identificados foram DENV1, DENV3 e DENV4. Análises histopatológicas revelaram áreas com edema, hemorragia e necrose do tecido cardíaco; No entanto, a hemorragia e a necrose foram significativamente maiores nos pacientes com miocardite. Maior frequência de células expressando a molécula CD31/PECAM-1 foram encontradas nos pacientes com miocardite. Por outro lado, encontramos maior frequência de células apoptóticas nos casos sem miocardite. As proteínas NS1 e NS3 foram detectadas em macrófagos e cardiomiócitos dos dois grupos analisados. Conclusão: A análise imuno-histoquímica revelou ser 15% mais eficiente na identificação da miocardite em comparação com a análise histopatológica. Não encontramos parâmetros bioquímicos, hematológicos ou demográficos que pudessem estar associados ao risco de desenvolvimento de miocardite. Não houve suspeita clínica em nenhum dos casos estudados. Embora, existam muitas lacunas no entendimento dos mecanismos envolvidos na patogênese da miocardite induzida pela infecção, este trabalho aponta a necessidade de serem propostos pelas entidades médicas e governamentais protocolos para a instauração de propedêutica cardíaca eficiente nos casos de dengue grave. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Arbovirus Infections , Dengue , Myocarditis , Cardiomyopathies/pathology
7.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 86(4): 305-312, oct.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-838393

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo Explorar las diferencias segmentarias de los espesores parietales (EP) en las miocardiopatías más prevalentes y en individuos sin cardiopatía estructural por resonancia magnética cardíaca. Método Pacientes mayores de 18 años referidos a resonancia magnética cardíaca durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2014 y septiembre de 2014, con diagnóstico de miocardiopatía hipertrófica, miocardiopatía dilatada idiopática, miocardiopatía isquémico-necrótica y miocarditis fueron seleccionados retrospectivamente de nuestra base de datos. Resultados Se incluyeron 120 pacientes. El grupo control presentó un EP medio de 5.9 ± 1.1 mm, con un índice de espesor relativo de 2.9 ± 0.8. Se identificaron EP significativamente menores en los segmentos apicales tanto en el grupo control (basal 6.7 ± 1.3 vs. medio 6 ± 1.3 vs. apical 4.6 ± 1 mm, p < 0.0001) como en todas las miocardiopatías evaluadas (miocardiopatía hipertrófica: basal 10.5 ± 2.4 vs. medio 10.8 ± 2.7 vs. apical 7.3 ± 3.3 mm, p < 0.0001; miocardiopatía dilatada idiopática: basal 7.7 ± 1.7 vs. medio 7.6 ± 1.3 vs. apical 5.4 ± 1.3 mm, p < 0.0001; miocardiopatía isquémico-necrótica: basal 7.4 ± 1.7 vs. medio 7.5 ± 1.9 vs. apical 5.5 ± 1.8 mm, p < 0.0001; miocarditis: basal 7.1 ± 1.5 vs. medio 6.4 ± 1.1 vs. apical 5.1 ± 0.8, p < 0.0001). También se evidenciaron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres respecto al EP tanto en el grupo control (6.5 ± 2.1 vs. 5.2 ± 1.7 mm, p < 0.0001), como en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica (10.5 ± 5.3 vs. 8.5 ± 5.7 mm, p < 0.0001) y en la miocarditis (6.6 ± 2 vs. 5.2 ± 1.6 mm, p < 0.0001). Conclusiones En este estudio observacional encontramos un prevalencia relativamente elevada de segmentos comúnmente considerados como adelgazados en individuos sin cardiopatía estructural. Además, observamos una marcada asimetría y gradiente longitudinal en cuanto a EP tanto en controles como en las distintas miocardiopatías evaluadas.


Abstract Objective To explore regional differences in myocardial wall thickness (WT) among the most prevalent cardiomyopathies and in individuals without structural heart disease using cardiac magnetic resonance. Methods Patients older than 18 years referred to cardiac magnetic resonance during the period between January 2014 and September 2014, with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis were retrospectively selected from our database. Results One hundred twenty patients patients were included. The control group had an average WT of 5.9 ± 1.1 mm, with a WT index of 2.9 ± 0.8. Significantly lower mean WT in the apical segments were identified in both the control group (basal 6.7 ± 1.3 vs. mid 6.0 ± 1.3 vs. apical 4.6 ± 1.0 mm, P < .0001) and in all evaluated cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: basal 10.5 ± 2.4 vs. mid 10.8 ± 2.7 vs. apical 7.3 ± 3.3 mm, P < .0001; idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: basal 7.7 ± 1.7 vs. mid 7.6 ± 1.3 vs. apical 5.4 ± 1.3 mm, P < .0001; ischemic cardiomyopathy: basal 7.4 ± 1.7 vs. mid 7.5 ± 1.9 vs. apical 5.5 ± 1.8 mm, P < .0001; myocarditis: basal 7.1 ± 1.5 vs. mid 6.4 ± 1.1 vs. apical 5.1 ± 0.8, P < .0001). Significant gender differences were also evident regarding the mean WT both in the control group (male 6.5 ± 2.1 vs. female 5.2 ± 1.7 mm, P < .0001), as in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (10.5 ± 5.3 vs. 8.5 ± 5.7 mm, P < .0001) and myocarditis (6.6 ± 2.0 vs. 5.2 ± 1.6 mm, P < .0001). Conclusion We found a relatively high prevalence of segments commonly deemed thinned among patients without structural heart disease. We also observed a marked asymmetry and longitudinal gradient in wall thickness both in controls and in the various cardiomyopathies evaluated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Cardiac Imaging Techniques , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Cardiomyopathies/diagnostic imaging , Myocardium/pathology , Retrospective Studies
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(4): 271-277, Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-781332

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: T o investigate the possible protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) in cisplatin (CP) induced myocardial injury. METHODS: A total of 28 adult male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (CP at 15 mg/kg dose), Group 3 (TQ 40 mg/kg/day for two days prior to CP injection and on third day, CP at 15 mg/kg dose was intraperitoneally administered and TQ treatment continued until fifth day) and Group 4 (TQ at 40mg/kg/day dose for five days). RESULTS: There was a significant increment in CP group in terms of congestion, edema and pycnotic nuclei in myocardial fibers, comparing with other groups. TQ group exhibited significant increase in expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, comparing with CP group (p<0.05). In only CP administered group, expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was lowest comparing with other groups. CONCLUSION: Established data indicate that cisplatin is cardiotoxic and thymoquinone may be useful in treating CP-induced cardiac injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Benzoquinones/pharmacology , Cisplatin/toxicity , Cardiomyopathies/chemically induced , Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control , Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Immunohistochemistry , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Benzoquinones/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Apoptosis/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/analysis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/drug effects , Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects , Cardiotoxicity/etiology , Cardiotoxicity/pathology , Cardiotoxicity/prevention & control , Heart/drug effects , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Myocardium/pathology , Antioxidants/therapeutic use
10.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 59(3): 215-219, 06/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751319

ABSTRACT

Objective The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and dyslipidemia (DLP) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of dyslipidemia in young T1D patients.Materials and methods The study design was cross-sectional and descriptive. We reviewed medical records of T1D patients followed at an endocrinology service, from 1998-2012. Data collected: gender, actual age and age at diagnosis, duration of T1D since diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), pubertal stage, glycemic control (GC) determined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG). To analyze lipid profile and metabolic control, we used the Brazilian Society of Diabetes Guidelines.Results Were included 239 T1D patients, 136 (56.9%) females; mean ± SD: actual age 15.7 ± 5.0 years and at T1D diagnosis 7.3 ± 3.9; T1D duration 10.6 ± 6.4 years, 86.6% puberty, 15.1% overweight. The prevalence of DLP was 72.5%, 63.3% females, 86.6% puberty, mean ± SD: actual age 15.4 ± 4.8 years and at T1D diagnosis 7.2 ± 4.1 years, duration of T1D 10.7 ± 6.1 years. We found high-CT in 56.7%, low-HDL = 21.7%, high LDL = 44.0%, high-TG = 11.8%. Between females with DLP, 83.5% was in puberty. We find correlation between the presence of DLP, a poor GC and BMC.Conclusion We found a high prevalence of DLP in young patients with T1D, particularly in puberty females. Programs targeting the prevention of dyslipidemia should be adopted, especially for this group, in order to prevent/delay chronic complications and cardiovascular disease. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):215-9.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy , Hypertension, Renovascular/therapy , Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism , Peptides/pharmacology , Angioplasty , Apoptosis , Cardiomyopathies/etiology , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Collagen/metabolism , Fibrosis , Heart Function Tests , Hypertension, Renovascular/complications , Hypertension, Renovascular/metabolism , Kidney Function Tests , Microvessels/ultrastructure , Oxidative Stress , Oxygen/metabolism , Peptides/metabolism , Swine
13.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 18(1): 9-16, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-643205

ABSTRACT

Objective: Non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCC) is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an extensive trabecular layer of myocardium with intertrabecular recesses in communication with the ventricular cavity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical and morphological characteristics of patients with NCC with and without systolic dysfunction assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, as well as to discuss the value and limitations of echocardiography and CMR imaging in its diagnosis. Twenty patients diagnosed with NCC were retrospectively included. Studies were performed on a 1.5 Tesla resonator. The end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and end-systolic volumen (LVESV), end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac mass and LV trabeculations were determined. A 17-segment myocardium segmentation model was applied. Student s T test was used to compare variables between groups. Significance level was set at p <0.05. Correlation between 2 continuous variables was calculated using the linear regression model. The statistical software package used for data analysis was StatsDirect (Version 2.6.5,. Altrincham, UK. Results: The average thickness of NC myocardial segments and normal myocardium was 13.1 +/- 3.3 mm and 3.6 +/- 0.6 mm, respectively. The average number of myocardial segments with NC was 8.2 +/- 1.2. The more affected segments were the apex of the heart and the lateral segments at the apical and mid-ventricular level. LVEDD, LVEDV, global LV mass, compacted and trabeculated, were significantly increased in the group of patients with ventricular dysfunction. LVEF had a negative linear correlation with trabecular myocardal mass (MM)/ m2 (R = 0.67, p = 0.001), LVEDV /m2 (R = 0.77, p <0.001) and LVEDD/m2 (R = 0.7, p <0.001). Similarly, a negative linear correlation between LVTM/m² and LVEDV/m² (R = 0.76, p < 0.001) was observed. Conclusion: In our population...


Objetivos: La miocardiopatía no compactada (MNC) es un desorden genético caracterizado por la presencia de una extensa capa de miocardio trabeculado con recesos intertrabeculares comunicados con la cavidad ventricular. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar las características clínicas y morfológicas de los pacientes con MNC con y sin disfunción sistólica evaluados por resonancia magnética cardíaca (RMC), y poner en discusión los alcances y las limitaciones de la ecocardiografía y la RMC en su diagnóstico. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron en forma retrospectiva 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de MNC. Los estudios se realizaron en un resonador de 1.5 Tesla. Se determinaron: volumen de fin de diástole (VFDVI) y sístole, diámetro de fin de diástole (DFDVI) y sístole, fracción de eyección (FEVI), masa cardíaca y trabeculaciones del VI. La distribución del miocardio NC se llevó a cabo con el modelo de 17 segmentos miocárdicos. Se empleó el test de Student para comparar las variables entre ambos grupos. El nivel de significancia fue establecido en p < 0,05. La correlación entre 2 variables continuas se calculó usando el modelo de regresión lineal. Los análisis se realizaron utilizando el software de estadística StatsDirect (versión 2.6.5, Altrincham, UK). Resultados: El espesor medio del miocardio NC y el miocardio normal fue 13.1 +/- 3.3 mm y 3.6 +/- 0.6 mm respectivamente. El número medio de segmentos con miocardio NC fue 8.2 +/- 1.2, siendo los más afectados el ápex y los segmentos laterales a nivel apical y medioventricular. El DFDVI, el VFDVI, la masa global, compactada y trabeculada del VI estuvieron incrementados en forma significativa en el grupo de pacientes con disfunción ventricular. La FEVI tuvo una correlación lineal negativa con masa de miocardio trabeculado del VI (MTVI)/m2 (R = 0.67, p = 0.001), el VFDVI/m2 (R = 0.77, p < 0.001) y el DFDVI/m2 (R = 0.7, p < 0.001). Asimismo, hubo una correlación lineal negativa entre la MTVI/m2 y el VFDVI/m2...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Cardiac Imaging Techniques/methods , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Echocardiography , Retrospective Studies , Ventricular Function, Left , Myocardium/pathology , Stroke Volume
14.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(3): 500-503, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624534

ABSTRACT

Tumor amorfo calcificado do coração consiste em uma massa cardíaca de natureza não-neoplásica, rara, que pode simular malignidade e causar sintomas por causar obstrução ou embolização de fragmentos calcificados. Apresentamos um caso de tumor em jovem de 17 anos, sexo masculino, em valva tricúspide, com achados patológicos clássicos. Preferiu-se abordar por esternotomia mediana clássica, instalação do circuito de circulação extracorpórea e atriotomia direita, exérese do tumor, plastia de DeVega na valva tricúspide e bicuspidização da mesma. O estudo anatomopatológico demonstrou presença de extensa calcificação e áreas de metaplasia óssea. O paciente evoluiu bem no pós-operatório, recebendo alta hospitalar no 8º dia pós-operatório.


Calcified amorphous tumor of the heart consists of a cardiac mass of rare nonneoplastic nature that mimics malignancy and causes symptoms due to obstruction or embolization of calcific fragments. We present a case of tumor 17-year-old young, male, in tricuspid valve, with classic pathological findings. It was preferred to approach for classic median esternotomy, installation of the circuit of extracorporal circulation and right atriotomy, exereses of tumor, DeVega's plasty in tricuspid valve and bicuspidization. The amatomopathological study demonstrated presence of extensive calcification and metaplastic bone areas. The patient had an uneventful hospitalization.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Calcinosis/pathology , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Heart Valve Diseases/pathology , Tricuspid Valve/pathology , Calcinosis/surgery , Cardiomyopathies/surgery , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Tricuspid Valve/surgery
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 97(2): 163-170, ago. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601774

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: O significado clínico de vasculites, lesões isquêmicas, efeito Quilty e da presença de eosinófilos em biópsias endomiocárdicas de receptores de transplante cardíaco com rejeições leves não foi ainda estabelecido. OBJETIVO: Verificar se esses achados histológicos encontrados nas biópsias endomiocárdicas (eosinófilos, vasculites, efeito Quilty e lesões isquêmicas) são capazes de predizer rejeição aguda do enxerto. MÉTODOS: Foram reavaliadas 1.012 biópsias endomiocárdicas consecutivas; dessas, 939 foram classificadas como OR ou 1R pela Nomenclatura da Sociedade Internacional de Transplante de Coração e Pulmão de 2005, e divididas em dois grupos: (1) Biópsias preditoras: aquelas que precederam rejeição aguda; e (2) Biópsias não preditoras: aquelas que não precederam rejeição aguda. Comparamos a ocorrência dos seguintes achados histológicos: vasculites, lesões isquêmicas, efeito Quilty e eosinófilos por análise uni e multivariada entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: Após análise estatística verificou-se a presença de vasculite intensa e de eosinófilos como maiores preditores para rejeição aguda futura, apresentando respectivamente as seguintes razões de chance: 10,60 (IC95 por cento: 3,62 - 31,06. p < 0,001) e 6,26 (IC95 por cento: 3,16 - 12,43. p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Vasculites intensas e eosinófilos em biópsias do miocárdio são os principais fatores preditores de rejeição aguda pós-transplante cardíaco.


BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of vasculitides, ischemic lesions, Quilty effect and the presence of eosinophils in endomyocardial biopsies of heart transplantation recipients with mild rejection has yet to be established. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether these histological findings observed in endomyocardial biopsies (eosinophils, vasculitides, Quilty effect and ischemic lesions) are capable of predicting acute graft rejection. METHODS: A total of 1,012 consecutive endomyocardial biopsies were reevaluated; of these, 939 were classified as OR or 1R according to the Nomenclature of the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation of 2005 and divided in two groups: (1) Predictive biopsies: those that preceded acute rejection; and (2) Nonpredictive biopsies: those that did not precede acute rejection. We compared the occurrence of the following histological findings: vasculitides, ischemic lesions, Quilty effect and eosinophils between the groups by uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that the presence of severe vasculitides and eosinophils were the best predictors for future acute rejection, with the following odds ratios: 10.60 (95 percentCI: 3.62 - 31.06. p < 0.001) and 6.26 (95 percentCI: 3.16 - 12.43, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Severe vasculitides and eosinophils in myocardial biopsies are the main predictive factors of acute graft rejection post-heart transplantation.


FUNDAMENTO: El significado clínico de vasculitis, lesiones isquémicas, efecto Quilty y de la presencia de eosinófilos en biopsias endomiocárdicas de receptores de transplante cardíaco con rechazos leves no fue aun establecido. OBJETIVO: Verificar si esos hallazgos histológicos encontrados en las biopsias endomiocárdicas (eosinófilos, vasculitis, efecto Quilty y lesiones isquémicas) son capaces de predecir rechazo agudo del injerto. MÉTODOS: Fueron reevaluadas 1.012 biopsias endomiocárdicas consecutivas; de esas, 939 fueron clasificadas como OR o 1R por la Nomenclatura de la Sociedad Internacional de Transplante de Corazón y Pulmón de 2005, y divididas en dos grupos: (1) Biopsias predictoras: aquellas que precedieron rechazo agudo; y (2) Biopsias no predictoras: aquellas que no precedieron rechazo agudo. Comparamos la ocurrencia de los siguientes hallazgos histológicos: vasculitis, lesiones isquémicas, efecto Quilty y eosinófilos por análisis uni y multivariado entre los grupos. RESULTADOS: Después de análisis estadístico se verificó la presencia de vasculitis intensa y de eosinófilos como mayores predictores para rechazo agudo futuro, presentando respectivamente las siguientes razones de posibilidad: 10,60 (IC95 por ciento: 3,62 - 31,06. p < 0,001) y 6,26 (IC95 por ciento: 3,16 - 12,43. p < 0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: Vasculitis intensas y eosinófilos en biopsias del miocardio son los principales factores predictores de rechazo agudo post transplante cardíaco.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Eosinophils/pathology , Graft Rejection/pathology , Heart Transplantation/pathology , Myocardium/pathology , Systemic Vasculitis/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Cardiomyopathies/surgery , Epidemiologic Methods , Predictive Value of Tests , Systemic Vasculitis/classification , Time Factors
16.
Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The]. 2011; 6 (4): 214-216
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-146545

ABSTRACT

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy that affects both children and adults. Since the clinical manifestations are not sufficient to establish diagnosis, echocardiography is the diagnostic tool that makes it possible to document ventricular non-compaction and establish prognostic factors. We report a 47-year-old woman with a history of dilated cardiomyopathy with unknown etiology. Echocardiography showed mild left ventricular enlargement with severe systolic dysfunction [EF = 20-25%]. According to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings non-compaction left ventricle with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was considered, and right ventricular septal biopsy was recommended. Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy showed moderate hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes with foci of myocytolysis and moderate interstitial fibrosis. No evidence of infiltrative deposition was seen


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Carotid Artery, Common , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced
19.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(2): 137-143, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-540488

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The development of an experimental model of myocardiopathy induced by Doxorubicin in rats. Methods: 16 wistar male rats were randomized in two groups: Group I (placebo) and Group II (Doxorubicin - 5mg/kg). After six months, the animals were subjected to cardiotomy and their hearts were weighted and submitted to transversal cuts, from which fragments for a macro and micro study were obtained. These fragments were studied considering their external and internal diameters and the thickness of the left ventricle (LV). The histological pieces were analyzed for the presence of fibrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, necrosis and size of nucleus variation. Data obtained was submitted to statistical analysis with Student's t test. Results: The hearts of the animals in Group II increased 41 percent in relation to their weight; 33 percent in the internal diameter and 14 percent in the external diameter of the LV cavity; and 24 percent in the thickness of the wall. Fibrosis of the myocardial tissue was observed in 75 percent of the animals of Group II; all the animals presented miocyte cytoplasmatic vacuolization; myocardial necrosis was present in 75 percent of the animals; and 87/ percent presented variation in the size of myocite nuclei. The presence of polymorphonuclear cells was also observed. Conclusion: Doxorubicin was effective in the promotion of macro and microscopic alterations in the cardiac tissue of rats, possibly constituting a model for the experimental study of myocardiopathy.


Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo experimental de miocardiopatia induzida por doxorrubicina em ratos. Métodos: 16 ratos Wistar machos foram randomizados em 2 grupos: Grupo I (placebo) e Grupo II (doxorrubicina 5mg/kg). Após 6 meses, os animais foram submetidos a cardiotomia e seus corações foram pesados e submetidos a cortes transversais. Estes fragmentos foram estudados considerando seus diâmetros externos e internos e a espessura do ventrículo esquerdo. As peças histológicas foram analisadas quanto à presença de fibrose, vacuolização citoplasmática, necrose e variação do tamanho do núcleo. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística pelo teste t de Student. Resultados: Os corações dos animais do grupo II aumentaram 41 por cento em relação ao peso; 33 por cento no diâmetro interno e 14 por cento no diâmetro externo; e 24 por cento na espessura da parede do VE. Fibrose do tecido miocárdico foi observada em 75 por cento dos animais do grupo II; todos os animais apresentaram vacuolização citoplasmática dos miócitos; Houve necrose miocárdica em 75 por cento dos animais e 87 por cento apresentaram variação no tamanho do núcleo. A presença de células polimorfonucleares também foi observada. Conclusão: A doxorrubicina foi efetiva na promoção de alterações macro e microscópicas no tecido cardíaco de ratos, possivelmente constituindo-se num modelo experimental para estudo da miocardiopatia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity , Cardiomyopathies/chemically induced , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Doxorubicin/toxicity , Necrosis , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar
20.
Salvador; s.n; 2010. 88 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618631

ABSTRACT

O diabetes tipo 2 é a forma prevalente do diabetes mellitus (DM), acometendo cerca de 90% dos pacientes. Ela resulta da combinação de resistência à insulina e deficiência relativa na sua produção. O ônus sócio-econômico do DM está associado às suas complicações, principalmente às doenças cardiovasculares. Estas podem resultar tanto da doença arterial coronariana, decorrente do aumento da aterogênese associado a fatores de risco como hipertensão, obesidade e dislipidemia, quanto de uma cardiomiopatia diabética, com disfunção ventricular independente da aterosclerose e hipertensão. A maioria dos modelos experimentais usados para estudar o diabetes e as suas complicações é induzida por mutação monogênica ou droga, sendo pouco representativos da condição em humanos. Nesse trabalho foi utilizado um modelo que alia uma predisposição genética a fatores ambientais. Camundongos C57Bl/6 machos alimentados com dieta hipergordurosa (highfat) desenvolveram obesidade e DM2, com alterações metabólicas como hiperglicemia, intolerância à glicose, dislipidemia e hipoadiponectinemia. Para investigar as alterações funcionais cardíacas nesse modelo, foram realizados exames seriados de eletrocardiograma, ecocardiograma e ergometria. Camundongos sumbetidos à dieta hipergordurosa desenvolveram hipertrofia do ventrículo esquerdo, com espessamento das paredes septal e posterior e consequente aumento de massa ventricular e cardíaca. Cardiomiócitos hipertrofiados foram também observados neste grupo. Além da hipertrofia, foi constatada uma disfunção diastólica, com redução do volume diastólico final e aumento do tempo de enchimento rápido do ventrículo. A função sistólica foi preservada nesses animais. Tais alterações morfológicas e funcionais refletiram na redução da capacidade de exercícios nos animais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Diabetes Complications/complications , /complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Echocardiography/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Ergometry/methods
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL